Introduction
Oolong tea is made from the Camellia Sinensis plant and is one of the three most popular teas worldwide, alongside green tea and black tea. The key difference between these teas lies in the degree of oxidation during processing. Oolong tea leaves are oxidized from 8% to 80%, resulting in a wide variety of flavors. Originating in China and flourishing in Taiwan, Oolong tea is now successfully produced in Vietnam.
Characteristics of Oolong Tea
• Appearance: Oolong leaves are usually rolled or curled into small balls.
• Color: The liquor ranges from golden green to dark green or reddish brown, depending on oxidation.
• Aroma: Rich and diverse, with floral, fruity, woody, or herbal notes.
• Taste: Smooth, mildly sweet, less astringent, well-balanced, with a lingering aftertaste.
Oolong is a tea rich in flavor, widely used in social gatherings and daily enjoyment.
Processing of Oolong Tea
1. Harvesting: Mature leaves over 50 days old are hand-picked early in the morning while still covered in dew.
2. Withering: Leaves are spread out to reduce moisture.
3. Shaking & Oxidation: Gentle shaking stimulates oxidation, creating Oolong’s unique flavor.
4. Fixation (Heating): High heat stops oxidation and reduces moisture.
5. Rolling & Drying: Leaves are shaped and dried using traditional pan-firing or modern machines to preserve flavor and nutrients.
Types of Oolong Tea
• By oxidation level: Green Oolong, Yellow Oolong, Red Oolong.
• By cultivar: Traditional Oolong, Tie Guan Yin, Jin Xuan, Tu Quy, Thuy Ngoc, Da Hong Pao.
• By processing style: Handcrafted, scented, charcoal-roasted, blended.
• By region: Bao Loc, Cau Dat, Moc Chau (Vietnam), Fujian (China), Taiwan.
• By tree age: 3-year, 5-year, 7-year-old tea trees.
Applications in Daily Life
• Refreshing drink: Can be consumed daily as a substitute for water thanks to its pleasant taste.
• Social & ceremonial use: Tea cups often begin conversations and are central to rituals.
• Gift & premium product: High-quality Oolong is a valued gift.
• Meditation & spiritual practice: Tea has long been associated with mindfulness and Zen traditions.
Beneficial Compounds in Oolong Tea
• Theanine & aromatic compounds: Provide “umami” taste, improve mood, reduce stress.
• Caffeine (as caffeine tannate): Stimulates alertness, supports heart activity, prevents blood clotting, aids digestion, without hindering calcium absorption.
• Tannins (26–28%): Strong antibacterial properties. EGCG, the most powerful tannin, is a potent antioxidant—100 times stronger than vitamin C and 25 times stronger than vitamin E.
• Vitamins C & E: Boost immunity, slow aging, improve skin.
• Polysaccharides: Help lower blood sugar, prevent type 2 diabetes.
• GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid): Supports blood pressure regulation.
• Fluoride & catechins: Prevent tooth decay, bad breath, and protect oral health.
Conclusion
Oolong tea is a unique beverage that combines the best qualities of green and black tea. With diverse flavors, cultural significance, and numerous health benefits, it is not only a daily drink but also a premium gift and a companion in meditation.
Source: https://huongtraviet.com/tra-o-long.html









